A roof engineering monograph

Roof Truss Calculator

Trusses repeat along the building's length at a fixed on-center spacing (commonly 16, 19.2 or 24 in). This calculator gives the truss count, the gable-end count if you need them, and the actual spacing once trusses are evenly divided over the run.

What this gives youTruss count from building length and on-center spacing, with gable ends.
Total trusses needed18

The worksheet

roof truss calculator
Total trusses needed
18

18 trusses total (16 common + 2 gable-end), at 24 in actual spacing.

Common trusses
16
Actual spacing
24in
How this was calculated
Building length30 ft (360 in)
Target spacing24 in o.c.
Common trusses = ceil(length / spacing) + 116
Gable-end trusses2
Total trusses18
Actual spacing once evenly divided24 in
Next stepSuppliers

Framing hardware for rafters, trusses & joists

18 trusses total (16 common + 2 gable-end), at 24 in actual spacing. Connectors, hangers and fasteners sized to the framing you just calculated. A lumber yard or supplier can also cut and engineer trusses to spec.

Some links are affiliate links: if you buy through them we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you. These are starting points, not engineering endorsements. Always confirm a product's rated snow load meets the design load above.

Fig. A · Truss count from building length and on-center spacing, with gable ends.

Notes

  • Truss spacing must match your roof sheathing's span rating (check the panel's APA stamp) and your local snow/wind load requirements; lighter loads can sometimes use wider 24 in spacing, heavier loads often need 16 in.
  • This counts trusses only. Always follow the truss manufacturer's stamped placement and bracing drawings: every roof truss is an individually engineered structural component, not interchangeable with a generic rafter.
  • Add extra trusses (or girder trusses) at large openings, valleys, hips, or anywhere mechanical equipment bears on the roof.

Notes & questions

01How many trusses do I need for a 40 ft roof?+

At 24 in o.c. spacing with gable ends, a 40 ft building needs 21 common trusses plus 2 gable-end trusses (23 total); enter 40 above with your spacing to confirm.

02What truss spacing should I use?+

16 in o.c. is common for heavier roof loads (shingles, snow-load regions); 24 in o.c. is common for lighter, metal-roofed buildings. Your roof's design loads and sheathing span rating set the requirement, so confirm with your truss supplier or engineer.

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