A roof engineering monograph

Pitched Roof Snow Load Calculator

Pitched roofs shed snow, so the slope factor Cs reduces the load as the pitch steepens. Steep, slippery roofs shed the most, but gable roofs must also be checked for the unbalanced (drifted-leeward) load case.

What is different hereSlope factor Cs reduces the load; gable roofs also need the unbalanced case (§7.6.1).
Design snow load21 psf

The worksheet

ASCE 7-22
14"Design load21 psf
Fig. A · the roof section at 27°, snow blanket scaled to the design load.
Design roof snow load · balanced
21psf

At 27° the §7.3.4 minimum does not apply, so the balanced load of 21 psf governs.

31,500 lb total on 1,500 sq ft of roof plan

Flat Pf
21psf
0.7·Ce·Ct·Is·Pg
Sloped Ps
21psf
Cs 1
Minimum Pm
n/a
slope ≥ 15°
Rain-on-snow
0psf
§7.10
Unbalanced load · §7.6.1 gable
may govern

Large gable roof (W > 20 ft): windward side at 0.3·Ps, leeward side at Ps plus a drift surcharge from the ridge.

Windward
6.3 psf
Leeward base
21 psf
Leeward peak
44.77 psf

surcharge 23.77 psf over 6.95 ft · hd 1.86 ft · γ 17.9 pcf

How this was calculated

Flat-roof load Pf = 0.7 × Ce(1) × Ct(1) × Is(1) × Pg(30) = 21 psf. Sloped-roof balanced load Ps = Cs(1) × Pf = 21 psf.

Ground snow load, Pg30 psfsite input
Exposure factor, Ce1Table 7.3-1
Thermal factor, Ct1Table 7.3-2
Importance factor, Is1Table 1.5-2
Slope factor, Cs1Fig. 7.4-1
Snow density, γ17.9 pcfEq. 7.7-1
Settled depth at design load14 indesign ÷ density
  • 01Estimated snow density ≈ 17.9 pcf, so 21 psf is roughly 14 in of settled snow.
  • 02The §7.6.1 unbalanced (leeward-drift) case is computed above for this gable/hip roof; at roof steps, parapets and walls also check drift loads (§7.7) with the drift calculator, plus sliding snow (§7.9) onto anything below.
  • 03Ground snow load Pg is set by your local building department / the ASCE 7 Hazard Tool. Always confirm the value for your exact site before you build or submit.
Next stepSuppliers

Reduce the load on an existing roof

Your design roof snow load is 21 psf. If the design load is close to your roof's capacity, the cheapest fix is to keep snow off it. These are the tools that do that.

Some links are affiliate links: if you buy through them we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you. These are starting points, not engineering endorsements. Always confirm a product's rated snow load meets the design load above.

Notes for pitched / gable roof roofs

  • A common 6:12 pitch is about 26.6°. On a warm, non-slippery roof the slope factor only starts reducing the load above 30°.
  • Slippery surfaces (metal, membrane) shed sooner: their slope reduction starts at just 5° on a warm roof.

Notes & questions

01Does a steeper roof have less snow load?+

Yes. Above the breakpoint slope the ASCE 7 slope factor Cs reduces the balanced load linearly to zero at 70°. But a steeper gable roof also drifts more snow to the leeward side, so the unbalanced case can govern.

02What slope sheds snow best?+

Steeper is better, and a slippery surface helps. A metal roof above ~30–40° sheds most snow, but always design for the snow that can still accumulate, especially in the unbalanced and sliding cases.

Other roof types

Ground snow load in snowy states